What is a common characteristic of modern human trafficking cases?

A defining characteristic of modern human trafficking cases is the exploitation of individuals for labor without their consent. This practice can take many forms, such as forced labor, debt bondage, or involuntary servitude. Victims are often manipulated or coerced into these situations, and they may not even realize they are victims of trafficking due to the deceptive tactics used by traffickers.

While immigration violations can be a factor in some cases of human trafficking, the core issue is the exploitation itself and the absence of consent. Cases are not typically limited to reports by law enforcement agencies, as they can also come to light through community organizations, health care providers, and victims themselves. The notion that victims give clear consent contradicts the fundamental nature of human trafficking, which revolves around coercion, deception, or abuse of vulnerability.